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ALKALOID
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I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Natural bases containing nitrogen found in plants
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("alkaloid" is a kind of...):
organic compound (any compound of carbon and another element or a radical)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "alkaloid"):
curare; tubocurarine (a toxic alkaloid found in certain tropical South American trees that is a powerful relaxant for striated muscles)
rauwolfia (any of several alkaloids extracted from the shrub Rauwolfia serpentina)
caffein; caffeine (a bitter alkaloid found in coffee and tea that is responsible for their stimulating effects)
betaine (a sweet tasting alkaloid that occurs in sugar beets)
brucine (a bitter alkaloid poison resembling strychnine and extracted from nux vomica)
strychnine (an alkaloid plant toxin extracted chiefly from nux vomica; formerly used as a stimulant)
nicotine (an alkaloid poison that occurs in tobacco; used in medicine and as an insecticide)
pseudoephedrine (poisonous crystalline alkaloid occurring with ephedrine and isomorphic with it)
ergotamine (an alkaloid derived from ergot that is less toxic than ergot; causes constriction of blood vessels and is used to treat migraine)
ergonovine; Ergotrate Maleate (an alkaloid derived from ergot (trade name Ergotrate Maleate) that is less toxic than ergot; induces muscular contraction of the uterus and is administered after childbirth or abortion)
ephedrine (white odorless powdered or crystalline alkaloid from plants of the genus Ephedra (especially Ephedra sinica) or made synthetically; used as a bronchodilator to treat bronchitis and asthma)
cinchonine (an alkaloid derivative of the bark of cinchona trees that is used as an antimalarial drug)
physostigmine (used in treatment of Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma)
hyoscine; scopolamine (an alkaloid with anticholinergic effects that is used as a sedative and to treat nausea and to dilate the pupils in ophthalmic procedures)
pilocarpine (cholinergic alkaloid used in eyedrops to treat glaucoma)
hyoscyamine (a poisonous crystalline alkaloid (isometric with atropine but more potent); used to treat excess motility of the gastrointestinal tract)
atropine (a poisonous crystalline alkaloid extracted from the nightshade family; used as an antispasmodic and to dilate the eye pupil; also administered in large amounts as an antidote for organophosphate nerve agents or organophosphate insecticides)
Derivation:
alkaloidal (pertaining to or consisting of alkaloids)
Context examples:
The hydrochloride salt form of the tropane alkaloid cocaine, with central nervous systems (CNS) stimulating and local anesthetic activity.
(Cocaine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
The maleate salt of methylergonovine, a semi-synthetic ergot alkaloid with vasoconstrictive and uterotonic effects.
(Methylergonovine Maleate, NCI Thesaurus)
An opiate alkaloid isolated from the plant Papaver somniferum and produced synthetically.
(Morphine, NCI Thesaurus)
A phthalide isoquinoline non-narcotic alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities.
(Noscapine, NCI Thesaurus)
The orally available hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities.
(Noscapine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions.
(Papaverine, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
A isoquinoline alkaloid from amaryllis with antineoplastic activity.
(Pancratistatin, NCI Thesaurus)
Phellodendron amurense bark extract contains certain isoquinoline alkaloids, flavone glycosides and phenolic compounds.
(Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract, NCI Thesaurus)
A natural monoamine alkaloid derivative and a sympathomimetic stimulant with appetite suppressant property.
(Phentermine, NCI Thesaurus)
A cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity.
(Picropodophyllin, NCI Thesaurus)
