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BARBITURATE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Organic compound having powerful soporific effect; overdose can be fatal
Classified under:
Nouns denoting man-made objects
Hypernyms ("barbiturate" is a kind of...):
sedative-hypnotic; sedative-hypnotic drug (a sedative that depresses activity of the central nervous system and reduces anxiety and induces sleep)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "barbiturate"):
amobarbital (a barbiturate with sedative and hypnotic effects; used to relieve insomnia and as an anticonvulsant)
barbital; barbitone; diethylbarbituric acid; diethylmalonylurea; veronal (a barbiturate used as a hypnotic)
Mebaral; mephobarbital (a long-acting crystalline barbiturate (trade name Mebaral) used as a sedative and as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy)
Nembutal; pentobarbital; pentobarbital sodium; yellow jacket (a barbiturate (trade name Nembutal) used as a sedative and hypnotic and antispasmodic)
red devil; secobarbital; secobarbital sodium; Seconal (barbiturate that is a white odorless slightly bitter powder (trade name Seconal) used as a sodium salt for sedation and to treat convulsions)
Luminal; phenobarbital; phenobarbitone; purple heart; sodium thiopental (a long-acting barbiturate used as a sedative)
Pentothal; thiopental; thiopental sodium; thiopentobarbital sodium (barbiturate that is a hygroscopic powder (trade name Pentothal) that is a strong barbiturate that acts rapidly; induces a relaxed state when injected as a general anesthetic)
Context examples:
A method of euthanization whereby a subject is anesthetized and barbiturate(s) are administered intraperitoneally to induce respiratory arrest.
(Intraperitoneal Barbiturate Overdose Euthanasia, NCI Thesaurus)
A combination preparation containing the belladonna alkaloids atropine sulfate, hyoscyamine sulfate, and scopolamine hydrobromide, and the barbiturate phenobarbital with antispasmodic, anxiolytic and sedative activities.
(Belladonna/Phenobarbital, NCI Thesaurus)
A short-acting barbiturate derivative without hypnotic properties, Phetharbital (N-phenylbarbital) can be used as a sedative and anticonvulsant agent due to its mechanism of enhancing GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) transmission and inhibition of synaptic excitation.
(Phetharbital, NCI Thesaurus)
The belladonna alkaloids produce an anticholinergic effect by the competitive inhibition of acetylcholine at the parasympathetic neuro-effector junction, and the barbiturates produce a sedative effect probably as a result of their inhibition of synaptic neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS).
(Donnatal, NCI Thesaurus)
Used to relieve stomach/intestinal symptoms, menopause (hot flashes, sweats, restlessness, and insomnia), headaches, and tachycardia, Belladona Phenobarbital Ergotamine is a combination of an Atropa belladonna alkaloid, a Claviceps purpurea (Ergotamine) alkaloid, and a synthetic barbiturate.
(Belladonna/Phenobarbital/Ergotamine, NCI Thesaurus)
A barbiturate is a type of central nervous system (CNS) depressant.
(Barbiturate, NCI Dictionary)
Other barbiturate effects in the CNS may include modulation of sodium and calcium channels as well as inhibition of glutamate-mediated excitation.
(Barbiturate, NCI Thesaurus)
Although the effects of barbiturates are seen throughout the CNS, the predominant effect occurs in the midbrain region, the part of the brain associated with arousal.
(Barbiturate, NCI Thesaurus)
