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DESENSITIZATION
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I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
The process of reducing sensitivity
Example:
the patient was desensitized to the allergen
Synonyms:
desensitisation; desensitization
Classified under:
Nouns denoting natural processes
Hypernyms ("desensitization" is a kind of...):
decrease; decrement (a process of becoming smaller or shorter)
Derivation:
desensitize (make insensitive)
desensitize (cause not to be sensitive)
Context examples:
When the allergen extract is administered in a series of increasing amounts the process is referred to as allergy therapy, immunotherapy or desensitization.
(Allergy Shot, NCI Thesaurus)
Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production.
(Leuprolide, NCI Thesaurus)
Inhibition of serotonin reuptake by fluoxetine enhances serotonergic function through serotonin accumulation in the synaptic space, resulting in long-term desensitization and downregulation of 5HT1 (serotonin) receptors leading to antidepressant, antiobsessional and antibulimic effects via various nerve pathways in the brain.
(Fluoxetine Hydrochloride, NCI Thesaurus)
Homologous desensitization of GPCRs results from the binding of b-arrestins (b-arr) to agonist -occupied receptors following phosphorylation of the receptor by GRKs. b-arrestin binding sterically precludes coupling between the receptor and heterotrimeric G proteins, leading to termination of signaling by G proteins effectors.
(GPCR Desensitization Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
Upon administration, histrelin binds to and activates GnRH receptors; prolonged administration results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production in males and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression; in females, prolonged administration results in decreased estradiol production.
(Histrelin Acetate, NCI Thesaurus)
Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production.
(Deslorelin, NCI Thesaurus)
One year later, more participants on 300-mg peanut OIT (37%) passed the challenge than those on placebo OIT (13%), confirming insights from smaller trials that desensitization is maintained in only a minority of participants after OIT is discontinued or reduced.
(Few people with peanut allergy tolerate peanut after stopping oral immunotherapy, National Institutes of Health)
The next step in the attenuation of GPCR signaling is receptor desensitization, in which receptors are modified to no longer transduce a signal even if the stimulus is still present.
(Attenuation of GPCR Signaling Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
