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DNA Probes
Definition 1
A piece of DNA that has been labeled, usually radioactively or with a fluorescent dye, which is used in hybridization studies. Applications include Northern and Southern blots, in situ hybridization techniques, and diagnostic tests. DNA probes can be highly specific or degenerate. (NCI Thesaurus)
Definition 2
Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections. (NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
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