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EFFECTOR
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
An organ (a gland or muscle) that becomes active in response to nerve impulses
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("effector" is a kind of...):
organ (a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function)
Antonym:
receptor (an organ having nerve endings (in the skin or viscera or eye or ear or nose or mouth) that respond to stimulation)
Sense 2
Meaning:
A nerve fiber that terminates on a muscle or gland and stimulates contraction or secretion
Classified under:
Nouns denoting body parts
Hypernyms ("effector" is a kind of...):
nerve fiber; nerve fibre (a threadlike extension of a nerve cell)
Meronyms (parts of "effector"):
end-plate; endplate; motor end plate (the flattened end of a motor neuron that transmits neural impulses to a muscle)
Sense 3
Meaning:
One who brings about a result or event; one who accomplishes a purpose
Synonyms:
effecter; effector
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("effector" is a kind of...):
individual; mortal; person; somebody; someone; soul (a human being)
Derivation:
effect (act so as to bring into existence)
Context examples:
Compared to genes, proteins have been relatively understudied in human blood, even though they are the ‘effectors’ of human biology, are disrupted in many diseases, and are the targets of most medicines.
(Scientists create ‘genetic atlas’ of proteins in human blood, University of Cambridge)
Inhibition of these apoptosis suppressors prevents their binding to the apoptotic effectors Bax and Bak proteins, thereby triggering apoptotic processes in cells overexpressing Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w.
(Navitoclax, NCI Thesaurus)
Initiation of B lymphocyte activation is dependent on the tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent formation of multi-molecular effector protein complexes that activate downstream signaling pathways.
(BCR Signaling Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
Upon oral administration, MEK/Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 847325 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, which both prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and inhibits growth factor-mediated cell signaling.
(MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325, NCI Thesaurus)
PIM kinases are downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways and are upregulated in various malignancies.
(pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208, NCI Thesaurus)
This agent also downregulates heparan sulfate and reduces the expansion of cytotoxic effector T cells, interferes with the maturation of dendritic cells and increases T regulatory cells.
(Alpha-1-Proteinase Inhibitor Human, NCI Thesaurus)
Tir, Map, EspF, EspG are known LEE-encoded effector proteins secreted via the type III secretion system, which is also LEE-encoded, into the host cell.
(Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infection Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)
Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors.
(Peripheral Nerve, NCI Thesaurus)
This allele, which encodes p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP-22 protein, plays a role in the regulation of both apoptosis and desmosome assembly.
(PERP wt Allele, NCI Thesaurus)
PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies.
(PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447, NCI Thesaurus)
