Library / English Dictionary

NITRATE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid)

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("nitrate" is a kind of...):

chemical compound; compound ((chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight)

Meronyms (substance of "nitrate"):

nitro group (the group -NO3)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "nitrate"):

calcium nitrate (a deliquescent salt that is soluble in water; sometimes used as a source of nitrogen in fertilizers)

cellulose nitrate; guncotton; nitrocellulose; nitrocotton (a nitric acid ester; used in lacquers and explosives)

soda niter; sodium nitrate ((NaNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive)

niter; nitre; potassium nitrate; saltpeter; saltpetre ((KNO3) used especially as a fertilizer and explosive)

glyceryl trinitrate; nitroglycerin; nitroglycerine; Nitrospan; Nitrostat; trinitroglycerin (a heavy yellow poisonous oily explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol; used in making explosives and medically as a vasodilator (trade names Nitrospan and Nitrostat))

ammonium nitrate (used as an explosive and fertilizer and rocket propellant)

silver nitrate (a nitrate used in making photographic emulsions; also used in medicine as a cautery and as a topical antibacterial agent)

uranyl nitrate (a yellow salt obtained by the reaction of uranium salts with nitric acid)

Derivation:

nitrate (treat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate)

nitrify (treat (soil) with nitrates)

nitrify (treat with nitrogen or a nitrogen compound)

nitrify (convert into nitric acid, nitrous acid, or nitrate, especially with the action of nitrobacteria)

 II. (verb) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Treat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate

Example:

nitroglycerin is obtained by nitrating glycerol

Classified under:

Verbs of size, temperature change, intensifying, etc.

Hypernyms (to "nitrate" is one way to...):

process; treat (subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition)

Domain category:

chemical science; chemistry (the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions)

Sentence frame:

Somebody ----s something

Derivation:

nitrate (any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid))

nitric acid (acid used especially in the production of fertilizers and explosives and rocket fuels)

Credits

 Context examples: 

This bacteria is oxidase and catalase positive, reduces nitrate, hydrolyzes urea and is indole negative.

(Actinobacillus ureae, NCI Thesaurus)

When the scientists measured urea in the ocean, they found it to be consistently present year-round, and concentrations tended to be higher than those of ammonium and nitrate in the summer.

(Giant kelp switches diet when key nutrient becomes scarce, National Science Foundation)

This species is oxidase and catalase positive, does not reduce nitrate and is negative for urea and lysine hydrolysis.

(Moraxella oblonga, NCI Thesaurus)

This species is acid fast, nonmotile, catalase and urease positive, negative for 3-day arylsulfatase and Tween 80 hydrolysis, and does not reduce nitrate.

(Mycobacterium gordonae, NCI Thesaurus)

Other microbes, dependent on nitrates, came to dominate the plume instead.

(Scientists report skyrocketing phyotplankton population in aftermath of Kīlauea eruption, Wikinews)

This species is acid fast, nonmotile, urease negative and catalase, nitrate reductase, and esculin positive.

(Mycobacterium fortuitum, NCI Thesaurus)

This species is acid fast, grows rapidly on egg medium, is urease, arylsulfatase and nitrate reductase positive, benzamidase and isonicotinamidase negative, and has a relatively low tolerance to cefmetazole and cefoxitin.

(Mycobacterium peregrinum, NCI Thesaurus)

A sustained release transdermal patch containing the organic nitrate nitroglycerin, with vasodilator and potential immunomodulating activities.

(Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch, NCI Thesaurus)

This species is nonmotile, nonhemolytic, oxidase and catalase positive, indole negative and reduces nitrate.

(Moraxella nonliquefaciens, NCI Thesaurus)

Nitrosamine Metabolism involves important cellular biochemical detoxification reactions that chemically modify the N-nitroso derivatives of secondary amines, formed by the combination of nitrates with amines.

(Nitrosamine Metabolism, NCI Thesaurus)