Library / English Dictionary

QUINONE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

Any of a class of aromatic yellow compounds including several that are biologically important as coenzymes or acceptors or vitamins; used in making dyes

Synonyms:

benzoquinone; quinone

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("quinone" is a kind of...):

chemical compound; compound ((chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight)

Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "quinone"):

coenzyme Q; ubiquinone (any of several quinones found in living cells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electrons from one molecule to another in cell respiration)

Credits

 Context examples: 

A synthetic co-substrate that activates the human endogenous enzyme NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) with potential chemoadjuvant activity.

(Caricotamide, NCI Thesaurus)

Subsequently, activated AREs mediate the transcription of antioxidant enzymes (particularly glutathione-S-transferase and quinone oxidoreductase), resulting in the detoxification of highly reactive carcinogens.

(Broccoli sprout extract, NCI Thesaurus)

Enzymes involved in the Phase II detoxification of xenobiotics to reduce cellular stress include glutathione transferases, quinone reductase, epoxide hydrolase, heme oxygenase, UDP-glucuronosyl transferases, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase.

(Oxidative Stress Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Oltipraz induces phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1).

(Oltipraz, NCI Thesaurus)

Beta-lapachone (b-lap) is bioactivated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), creating a futile oxidoreduction that generates high levels of superoxide.

(Lapachone, NCI Thesaurus)

Glucosinolate metabolites, such as sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, act as antioxidants and may stimulate endogenous phase II detoxifying enzymes, including glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase.

(Brassica vegetable, NCI Thesaurus)

A quinone antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis with activity against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and fungi.

(Nanafrocin, NCI Thesaurus)

When b-lap is activated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) this agent creates a futile oxidoreduction, generating highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that results in DNA damage.

(Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761, NCI Thesaurus)

This induces the expression of a number of cytoprotective genes, including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO1, HMOX1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), thioredoxin reductase-1 (TXNRD1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) and glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (Gclm), and increases the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH).

(Nrf2 Activator RTA 408, NCI Thesaurus)