| Library / English Dictionary |
TROPHOBLAST
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
The membrane that forms the wall of the blastocyst in early development; aids implantation in the uterine wall
Example:
after implantation of the blastocyst in the uterine wall the trophoblast divides into two layers, the chorion and the placenta
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("trophoblast" is a kind of...):
membrane; tissue layer (a pliable sheet of tissue that covers or lines or connects the organs or cells of animals or plants)
Holonyms ("trophoblast" is a part of...):
blastosphere; blastula (early stage of an embryo produced by cleavage of an ovum; a liquid-filled sphere whose wall is composed of a single layer of cells; during this stage (about eight days after fertilization) implantation in the wall of the uterus occurs)
Derivation:
trophoblastic (of or relating to the trophoblast)
Context examples:
It functions as a growth factor during neonatal brain development, for primate trophoblast formation, and during tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
(Pleiotrophin, NCI Thesaurus)
The blastocyst is a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass).
(Blastocyst, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
A non-neoplastic trophoblastic disorder characterized by the presence of an increased number of implantation-site intermediate trophoblasts infiltrating the endometrium and myometrium extensively.
(Exaggerated Placental Site, NCI Thesaurus)
Expressed on natural killer cells, macrophages, T cells, immature thymocytes, and trophoblasts by human FCGR3A Gene, 254-aa 29-kDa (precursor) glycosylated IgG Fc Receptor IIIA is a putative type I membrane protein containing 2 IgC2 domains and a receptor for the Fc region of monomeric or aggregated IgG that mediates antibody-dependent responses, such as phagocytosis and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
(IgG Fc Receptor IIIA, NCI Thesaurus)
Another disorder involving inadequate responses to hypoxia is preeclampsia, a pathology of pregnancy thought to be caused by improper differentiation of placental trophoblast cells due to poorly controlled O2 tension or improper hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-mediated responses.
(Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
The other two types of stem cell in the blastocyst are the extra-embryonic trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), which will form the placenta, and primitive endoderm stem cells (PESCs) that will form the yolk sac, ensuring that the foetus’s organs develop properly and providing essential nutrients.
(Scientists generate key life event in artificial mouse ‘embryo’ created from stem cells, University of Cambridge)
A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed towards the tumor-associated oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein antigen 5T4 attached to a mutated form of superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEA/E-120), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities.
(Naptumomab Estafenatox, NCI Thesaurus)
A trophoblast that travels into the junctional zone of the decidua, reacting with maternal tissue leukocytes, mainly NK cells, macrophages and T cells, and invades maternal blood vessels feeding the placenta, softening the walls and replacing the lining with fetal tissue.
(Intermediate Type Trophoblastic Cell, NCI Thesaurus)
