| Weather / Kazakhstan Weather Temperature |
Weather in Kostanay, Kazakhstan
Current Conditions (Sunday, April 28, 2024 at 09:30 Asia/Aqtobe time)
 | Temperature: 66°F (19°C) |
Forecast Overview
Sun Apr 28 
77°F 54°F 25°C 12°C Chance of light rain before sunrise.
detailsMon Apr 29 
64°F 46°F 18°C 8°C Chance of rain after 2 pm.
detailsTue Apr 30 
55°F 45°F 13°C 7°C Chance of rain before sunrise.
detailsWed May 1 
50°F 43°F 10°C 6°C Chance of light rain after 11 am.
detailsThu May 2 54°F 41°F 12°C 5°C Chance of light rain in the morning.
detailsFri May 3 50°F 41°F 10°C 5°C Chance of light rain in the morning.
detailsSat May 4 
52°F 36°F 11°C 2°C Partly cloudy skies.
detailsSun May 5 
61°F 43°F 16°C 6°C Chance of light rain late at night.
detailsMon May 6 64°F 48°F 18°C 9°C Chance of rain in the morning and in the afternoon.
detailsTue May 7 
63°F 46°F 17°C 8°C Chance of rain in the afternoon.
detailsWed May 8 
57°F 45°F 14°C 7°C Chance of light rain in the afternoon and late at night.
detailsThu May 9 
59°F 48°F 15°C 9°C Chance of rain at various times.
detailsFri May 10 57°F 48°F 14°C 9°C Chance of rain almost all day.
detailsSat May 11 55°F 50°F 13°C 10°C Chance of rain after 5 pm.
details
Detailed Forecast
| Sunday, April 28 | sunrise: 05:19 sunset: 20:08 |
| Low around 53°F (12°C), high around 78°F (25°C). Chance of light rain between 11 pm and 2 am. Estimated precipitation: 0.03 in (0.8125 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 21 mph (34 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 |  | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.6875 mm). | 53°F (12°C) | 14 mph (23 km/h) | 68% | 0.259% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 54°F (12°C) | 11 mph (17 km/h) | 70% | 0.258% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 57°F (14°C) | 13 mph (20 km/h) | 77% | 0.258% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 69°F (21°C) | 20 mph (32 km/h) | 47% | 0.256% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. | 76°F (25°C) | 21 mph (34 km/h) | 37% | 0.251% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Overcast. | 76°F (25°C) | 20 mph (32 km/h) | 38% | 0.246% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. | 69°F (20°C) | 21 mph (33 km/h) | 51% | 0.243% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 65°F (18°C) | 17 mph (27 km/h) | 58% | 0.242% |
| Monday, April 29 | sunrise: 05:17 sunset: 20:10 |
| Low around 47°F (8°C), high around 65°F (18°C). Chance of rain after 2 pm. Estimated precipitation: 0.27 in (6.875 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 11 mph (18 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Clear. | 59°F (15°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 74% | 0.241% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 54°F (12°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 81% | 0.241% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 58°F (15°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 69% | 0.241% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 60°F (16°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 53% | 0.24% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. | 60°F (16°C) | 11 mph (17 km/h) | 53% | 0.237% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.625 mm). | 55°F (13°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 61% | 0.239% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.11 in (2.8125 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 83% | 0.261% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.13 in (3.375 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 86% | 0.293% |
| Tuesday, April 30 | sunrise: 05:15 sunset: 20:11 |
| Low around 44°F (7°C), high around 55°F (13°C). Chance of rain between 11 pm and 2 am. Estimated precipitation: 0.09 in (2.3125 mm). Mostly cloudy skies. Wind: 11 mph (18 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.09 in (2.1875 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 84% | 0.311% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 44°F (7°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 77% | 0.313% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 46°F (8°C) | 9 mph (15 km/h) | 58% | 0.313% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Mostly sunny. | 51°F (11°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 45% | 0.309% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 54°F (12°C) | 5 mph (7 km/h) | 35% | 0.304% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Overcast. | 55°F (13°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 31% | 0.301% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. | 52°F (11°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 46% | 0.3% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. | 47°F (8°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 59% | 0.301% |
| Wednesday, May 1 | sunrise: 05:13 sunset: 20:13 |
| Low around 42°F (6°C), high around 50°F (10°C). Chance of light rain from 11 am till 11 pm. Estimated precipitation: 0.03 in (0.8125 mm). Mostly cloudy skies. Wind: 14 mph (23 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 12 mph (19 km/h) | 74% | 0.301% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Clear. | 43°F (6°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 80% | 0.301% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 46°F (8°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 61% | 0.301% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 50°F (10°C) | 13 mph (20 km/h) | 52% | 0.298% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 13 mph (21 km/h) | 52% | 0.295% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 47°F (8°C) | 14 mph (23 km/h) | 70% | 0.296% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.25 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 10 mph (15 km/h) | 81% | 0.299% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 45°F (7°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 82% | 0.3% |
| Thursday, May 2 | sunrise: 05:11 sunset: 20:15 |
| Low around 42°F (5°C), high around 53°F (12°C). Chance of light rain in the morning from 11 pm to 2 am and from 8 am to 11 am. Estimated precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 9 mph (14 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 44°F (7°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 79% | 0.302% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 42°F (6°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 77% | 0.302% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 44°F (7°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 62% | 0.302% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 47% | 0.299% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. | 51°F (11°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 36% | 0.294% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Overcast. | 53°F (12°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 36% | 0.29% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Sunny. | 48°F (9°C) | 5 mph (9 km/h) | 49% | 0.289% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 4 mph (7 km/h) | 56% | 0.289% |
| Friday, May 3 | sunrise: 05:09 sunset: 20:17 |
| Low around 40°F (5°C), high around 50°F (10°C). Chance of light rain in the morning (between 8 am and 11 am). Estimated precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). Mostly cloudy skies. Wind: 16 mph (25 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (7°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 67% | 0.289% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 43°F (6°C) | 5 mph (7 km/h) | 72% | 0.289% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 64% | 0.289% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 44°F (6°C) | 10 mph (15 km/h) | 71% | 0.288% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 14 mph (23 km/h) | 47% | 0.286% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 16 mph (25 km/h) | 46% | 0.283% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. | 45°F (7°C) | 14 mph (22 km/h) | 51% | 0.282% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Partly cloudy. | 40°F (5°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 63% | 0.282% |
| Saturday, May 4 | sunrise: 05:07 sunset: 20:18 |
| Low around 36°F (2°C), high around 53°F (11°C). Partly cloudy skies. Wind: 10 mph (16 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Clear. | 38°F (3°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 74% | 0.282% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Mostly clear. | 36°F (2°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 74% | 0.282% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 41°F (5°C) | 1 mph (2 km/h) | 62% | 0.282% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 47% | 0.28% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | More sun than clouds. | 51°F (11°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 39% | 0.276% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Sunny. | 52°F (11°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 38% | 0.272% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. | 49°F (9°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 49% | 0.27% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. | 46°F (8°C) | 8 mph (12 km/h) | 52% | 0.27% |
| Sunday, May 5 | sunrise: 05:05 sunset: 20:20 |
| Low around 43°F (6°C), high around 61°F (16°C). Chance of light rain late at night (after 8 pm). Estimated precipitation: 0.03 in (0.75 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 11 mph (17 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. | 44°F (7°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 56% | 0.269% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 43°F (6°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 59% | 0.269% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Overcast. | 49°F (10°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 50% | 0.269% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 56°F (13°C) | 8 mph (12 km/h) | 38% | 0.266% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. | 60°F (15°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 36% | 0.262% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Overcast. | 60°F (16°C) | 11 mph (17 km/h) | 36% | 0.259% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. | 55°F (13°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 54% | 0.258% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.75 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 70% | 0.264% |
| Monday, May 6 | sunrise: 05:03 sunset: 20:22 |
| Low around 49°F (9°C), high around 64°F (18°C). Chance of rain in the morning (between 8 am and 11 am) and late in the afternoon (between 2 pm and 5 pm). The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 0.24 in (6.1875 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 20 mph (32 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 67% | 0.264% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. | 53°F (12°C) | 14 mph (23 km/h) | 54% | 0.263% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Overcast. | 55°F (13°C) | 17 mph (27 km/h) | 49% | 0.261% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.08 in (2.125 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 20 mph (32 km/h) | 74% | 0.274% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.08 in (2 mm). | 54°F (12°C) | 13 mph (21 km/h) | 87% | 0.293% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.5 mm). | 64°F (18°C) | 19 mph (31 km/h) | 69% | 0.304% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5 mm). | 57°F (14°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 72% | 0.308% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Times of clear skies and clouds. | 51°F (10°C) | 9 mph (15 km/h) | 83% | 0.308% |
| Tuesday, May 7 | sunrise: 05:01 sunset: 20:24 |
| Low around 46°F (8°C), high around 63°F (17°C). Chance of rain early in the afternoon (between 11 am and 2 pm). The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 0.11 in (2.6875 mm). Mostly sunny. Wind: 15 mph (24 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Clear. | 48°F (9°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 86% | 0.309% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Clear. | 46°F (8°C) | 4 mph (7 km/h) | 87% | 0.31% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 52°F (11°C) | 3 mph (4 km/h) | 71% | 0.31% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Sunny. | 61°F (16°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 56% | 0.306% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Chance of scattered rain showers. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1.0625 mm). | 63°F (17°C) | 13 mph (22 km/h) | 57% | 0.31% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Sunny. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.625 mm). | 59°F (15°C) | 15 mph (24 km/h) | 57% | 0.319% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Sunny. | 54°F (12°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 69% | 0.317% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Clear. | 51°F (11°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 74% | 0.318% |
| Wednesday, May 8 | sunrise: 04:59 sunset: 20:25 |
| Low around 44°F (7°C), high around 58°F (14°C). Chance of light rain late in the afternoon (between 2 pm and 5 pm) and during the night (after 8 pm). Estimated precipitation: 0.07 in (1.75 mm). Partly cloudy skies. Wind: 11 mph (17 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Clear. | 46°F (8°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 88% | 0.319% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Sunny. | 44°F (7°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 87% | 0.319% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Sunny. | 49°F (9°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 69% | 0.319% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 55°F (13°C) | 7 mph (12 km/h) | 51% | 0.315% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.125 mm). | 56°F (13°C) | 11 mph (17 km/h) | 55% | 0.311% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (0.9375 mm). | 56°F (13°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 58% | 0.314% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5 mm). | 53°F (12°C) | 4 mph (6 km/h) | 70% | 0.318% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 8 mph (13 km/h) | 80% | 0.319% |
| Thursday, May 9 | sunrise: 04:57 sunset: 20:27 |
| Low around 47°F (9°C), high around 60°F (15°C). Chance of rain early in the morning (until 8 am) and late in the afternoon (between 2 pm and 5 pm). Estimated precipitation: 0.23 in (5.8125 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 6 mph (10 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.3125 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 2 mph (4 km/h) | 85% | 0.32% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.14 in (3.5 mm). | 47°F (9°C) | 3 mph (6 km/h) | 91% | 0.36% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5 mm). | 49°F (9°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 84% | 0.356% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Mostly cloudy. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 2 mph (3 km/h) | 74% | 0.352% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.3125 mm). | 58°F (14°C) | 4 mph (7 km/h) | 60% | 0.346% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.375 mm). | 60°F (15°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 54% | 0.341% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.03 in (0.75 mm). | 55°F (13°C) | 6 mph (10 km/h) | 71% | 0.345% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. | 49°F (10°C) | 6 mph (9 km/h) | 89% | 0.344% |
| Friday, May 10 | sunrise: 04:56 sunset: 20:29 |
| Low around 48°F (9°C), high around 57°F (14°C). Chance of rain all day (from 2 am to 8 pm). Estimated precipitation: 0.14 in (3.5 mm). Mostly cloudy skies. Wind: 12 mph (19 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. | 49°F (10°C) | 4 mph (7 km/h) | 88% | 0.343% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.05 in (1.25 mm). | 48°F (9°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 94% | 0.35% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.04 in (1 mm). | 51°F (11°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 82% | 0.356% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.5625 mm). | 54°F (12°C) | 11 mph (18 km/h) | 70% | 0.354% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.02 in (0.4375 mm). | 57°F (14°C) | 12 mph (19 km/h) | 64% | 0.351% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 57°F (14°C) | 10 mph (17 km/h) | 66% | 0.347% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Chance of light rain. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 54°F (12°C) | 7 mph (11 km/h) | 75% | 0.345% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | A few passing clouds. | 50°F (10°C) | 5 mph (8 km/h) | 83% | 0.345% |
| Saturday, May 11 | sunrise: 04:54 sunset: 20:30 |
| Low around 49°F (10°C), high around 56°F (13°C). Chance of rain in the evening (between 5 pm and 8 pm). The precipitation may fall as scattered showers of varying intensity. Estimated precipitation: 0.12 in (3.125 mm). Overcast skies. Wind: 15 mph (24 km/h). |
| Time | Skies | Conditions | Temp | Wind | Humidity | Soil Moisture |
| 23:00 02:00 | | Overcast. | 50°F (10°C) | 1 mph (1 km/h) | 82% | 0.345% |
| 02:00 05:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0 in (0.0625 mm). | 50°F (10°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 84% | 0.345% |
| 05:00 08:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 3 mph (5 km/h) | 81% | 0.345% |
| 08:00 11:00 | | Overcast. | 55°F (13°C) | 9 mph (14 km/h) | 73% | 0.344% |
| 11:00 14:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.01 in (0.1875 mm). | 53°F (12°C) | 10 mph (16 km/h) | 77% | 0.343% |
| 14:00 17:00 | | Mostly cloudy. | 56°F (13°C) | 13 mph (21 km/h) | 73% | 0.342% |
| 17:00 20:00 | | Chance of rain. Precipitation: 0.05 in (1.1875 mm). | 54°F (12°C) | 8 mph (12 km/h) | 86% | 0.348% |
| 20:00 23:00 | | Overcast. Precipitation: 0.06 in (1.5 mm). | 52°F (11°C) | 15 mph (24 km/h) | 87% | 0.358% |
Temperature variation graph for the last seven days
Humidity Variation Graph
Wind speed
Weather Station: Kostanay (latitude 53-12-23N, longitude 063-33-03E)
Local Time:
Kostanay is in the "Asia/Aqtobe" timezone.
The "Asia/Aqtobe" timezone uses a Standard Time (ST) / Daylight Saving Time (DST) alternation scheme, and it currently is in ST (since Sunday, 31 October 2004, 02:00 AM local time). During ST, the offset to Universal Time (UTC, GMT or Zulu) is +5:00 hours.
Kostanay will exit standard time (entering DST) on Tuesday, 19 January 2038, at 08:14 AM local time, when clocks will be turned forward 0 hour to Tuesday, 19 January 2038, 08:14 AM local daylight time. During DST, the offset to UTC will be +5:00 hours.
Weather and Temperature in Kazakhstan