Library / English Dictionary

ADENINE

Pronunciation (US):

(GB):

 I. (noun) 

Sense 1

Meaning:

(biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA

Synonyms:

A; adenine

Classified under:

Nouns denoting substances

Hypernyms ("adenine" is a kind of...):

purine (any of several bases that are derivatives of purine)

Domain category:

biochemistry (the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry)

Holonyms ("adenine" is a substance of...):

deoxyribonucleic acid; desoxyribonucleic acid; DNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information)

ribonucleic acid; RNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell)

Credits

 Context examples: 

Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated.

(Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex, NCI Thesaurus)

DNA Synthesis is the polymeric linkage of deoxyribose moieties (with adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine side chains) by phosphate groups attached to their 5-prime and 3-prime sugar hydroxyls.

(DNA Synthesis, NCI Thesaurus)

Niacin is converted to its active form niacinamide, which is a component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphate form, NADP.

(Niacin, NCI Thesaurus)

The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

(Niacinamide, NCI Thesaurus)

Cladribine triphosphate, a phosphorylated metabolite of cladribine, incorporates into DNA, resulting in single-strand breaks in DNA, depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and apoptosis.

(Cladribine, NCI Thesaurus)

An alkylating agent that bind to the DNA minor groove in a sequence-specific manner and form covalent adducts with adenines, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and induction of apoptosis.

(Adozelesin, NCI Thesaurus)

An adenine nucleotide comprised of three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety, found in all living cells.

(Adenosine triphosphate, NCI Thesaurus)

Human A/G-specific adenine DNA glycosylase protein (546 aa, approximately 60 kD) is encoded by the MUTYH gene.

(A/G-Specific Adenine DNA Glycosylase, NCI Thesaurus)

This bacteria is nonmotile, catalase positive, nonencapsulated, and is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent.

(Actinobacillus suis, NCI Thesaurus)

NR acts on the brain by normalizing levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a metabolite vital to cellular energy, stem cell self-renewal, resistance to neuronal stress and DNA repair.

(Compound prevents neurological damage, shows cognitive benefits in mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, National Institutes of Health)