10. Mahāpadesasuttavaṇṇanā

180. Dasame bhoganagare viharatīti parinibbānasamaye cārikaṃ caranto taṃ nagaraṃ patvā tattha viharati. Ānandacetiyeti ānandayakkhassa bhavanaṭṭhāne patiṭṭhitavihāre. Mahāpadeseti mahāokāse mahāapadese vā, buddhādayo mahante mahante apadisitvā vuttāni mahākāraṇānīti attho. Neva abhinanditabbanti haṭṭhatuṭṭhehi sādhukāraṃ datvā pubbeva na sotabbaṃ. Evaṃ kate hi pacchā ‘‘idaṃ na sametī’’ti vuccamānopi ‘‘kiṃ pubbeva ayaṃ dhammo, idāni na dhammo’’ti vatvā laddhiṃ na vissajjeti. Nappaṭikkositabbanti ‘‘kiṃ esa bālo vadatī’’ti evaṃ pubbeva na vattabbaṃ. Evaṃ vutte hi vattuṃ yuttampi na vakkhati. Tenāha – anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvāti. Padabyañjanānīti padasaṅkhātāni byañjanāni. Sādhukaṃ uggahetvāti ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne pāḷi vuttā, imasmiṃ ṭhāne attho vutto, imasmiṃ ṭhāne anusandhi kathitā , imasmiṃ ṭhāne pubbāparaṃ kathita’’nti suṭṭhu gahetvā. Sutte otāretabbānīti sutte otaritabbāni. Vinaye sandassetabbānīti vinaye saṃsandetabbāni.

Ettha ca suttanti vinayo vutto. Yathāha – ‘‘kattha paṭikkhittaṃ, sāvatthiyaṃ suttavibhaṅge’’ti (cūḷava. 457) vinayoti khandhako. Yathāha – ‘‘vinayātisāre’’ti. Evaṃ vinayapiṭakampi na pariyādiyati. Ubhatovibhaṅgā pana suttaṃ, khandhakaparivārā vinayoti evaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ pariyādiyati. Atha vā suttantapiṭakaṃ suttaṃ, vinayapiṭakaṃ vinayoti evaṃ dveyeva piṭakāni pariyādiyanti. Suttantābhidhammapiṭakāni vā suttaṃ, vinayapiṭakaṃ vinayoti evampi tīṇi piṭakāni na tāva pariyādiyanti. Asuttanāmakañhi buddhavacanaṃ nāma atthi. Seyyathidaṃ – jātakaṃ paṭisambhidā niddeso suttanipāto dhammapadaṃ udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ vimānavatthu petavatthu theragāthā therīgāthā apadānanti.

Sudinnatthero pana ‘‘asuttanāmakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ natthī’’ti taṃ sabbaṃ paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘tīṇi piṭakāni suttaṃ, vinayo pana kāraṇa’’nti āha. Tato taṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento idaṃ suttamāhari –

‘‘Ye kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi, ime dhammā sarāgāya saṃvattanti no virāgāya, saṃyogāya saṃvattanti no visaṃyogāya, saupādānāya saṃvattanti no anupādānāya, mahicchatāya saṃvattanti no appicchatāya, asantuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti no santuṭṭhiyā, kosajjāya saṃvattanti no vīriyārambhāya, saṅgaṇikāya saṃvattanti no pavivekāya, ācayāya saṃvattanti no apacayāya. Ekaṃsena, gotami, jāneyyāsi ‘neso dhammo neso vinayo netaṃ satthu sāsana’nti.

‘‘Ye ca kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi, ime dhammā virāgāya saṃvattanti no sarāgāya, visaṃyogāya saṃvattanti no saṃyogāya. Anupādānāya saṃvattanti no saupādānāya, appicchatāya saṃvattanti no mahicchatāya, santuṭṭhiyā saṃvattanti no asantuṭṭhiyā, vīriyārambhāya saṃvattanti no kosajjāya, pavivekāya saṃvattanti no saṅgaṇikāya, apacayāya saṃvattanti no ācayāya. Ekaṃsena, gotami , jāneyyāsi ‘eso dhammo eso vinayo etaṃ satthu sāsana’’’nti (cūḷava. 406; a. ni. 8.53).

Tasmā sutteti tepiṭakabuddhavacane otāretabbāni. Vinayeti etasmiṃ rāgādivinayakāraṇe saṃsandetabbānīti ayamettha attho. Na ceva sutte otarantīti suttapaṭipāṭiyā katthaci anāgantvā challiṃ uṭṭhapetvā guḷhavessantara-guḷhaummagga-guḷhavinayavedallapiṭakānaṃ aññatarato āgatāni paññāyantīti attho. Evaṃ āgatāni hi rāgādivinaye ca apaññāyamānāni chaḍḍetabbāni honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘iti hidaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyāthā’’ti. Etenupāyena sabbattha attho veditabbo. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, catutthaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyāthāti imaṃ, bhikkhave, catutthaṃ dhammassa patiṭṭhānokāsaṃ dhāreyyāthāti.

Sañcetaniyavaggo tatiyo.